Scintillators

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Contents

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High quality and affordability

 » Brochure on Scintillators (PDF, 677Kb, 18 pages)

We provide very affordable detector components of great quality.

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Scintillators

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Crystal shape

We provide crystals in non-standards sizes and shapes, tailored to our clients' exact specifications:

  • cylindrical (rods)
  • hexagonal section, tubular or pyramidal
  • quadratic section, tubular or pyramidal


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Types

By dealing directly with the manufacturing units, we can provide our customers with scintillating products at various stages of assembly:

  • raw material, where you get the crystal without protection of any kind
TYPE-S
  • encapsulated: the crystal is encased into an Aluminium or S/S housing, that protects the crystal without blocking the radiation of interest
TYPE-E
  • detector-type, a fully assembled and encapsulated crystal with a PMT and a μ-metal shielding.
TYPE-D
  • complete assembly is a TYPE-D device including a voltage divider, connectors and other components upon requests
TYPE-A

Our products are tested individually by a team of experts to ensure the best quality and reliability.

TYPE-S scintillator

TYPE-E encapsulated scintillator

TYPE-D detector assembly with PMT

TYPE-A complete assembly (not all shown)

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Inorganic Scintillators

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Materials

Inorganic scintillators materials are divided into two groups:

Alkali-halide Crystals Oxyde-based Crystals Other
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Physical Properties

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Physical Properties of Alkali Halide Scintillators
NaI(Tl) CsI(Na) CsI(Tl) CsI CsI(CO3) 6LiI(Eu)
Density (g/cm3) 3.67 4.51 4.51 4.51 4.51 4.08
Melting point (K) 924 894 894 894 894 719
Thermal expansion coefficient (10-6 K-1) 47 49 49 49 49 40
Cleavage plane <100> none none none none <100>
Hardness (Mho) 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hygroscopic yes yes slightly slightly yes very
Maximum emission (nm) 415 420 550 310 405 470
Refractive index 1.85 1.84 1.79 1.95 1.84 1.96
Light Yield (% of NaI) 100 85 45 5-6 60 30-35
Primary decay time (ms) 0.23 0.63 1 0.01 2 1.4
Afterglow after 6 ms (%) 0 0.3-5 0.5-5 0.1 0 0
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Physical Properties of Oxide-based Scintillators
CWO GSO BGO PWO ZnSe(Te)
Effective Atomic Number 66 59 75 73 33
Density (g/cm3) 7.99 6.71 7.13 8.28 5.42
Radiation length (cm) 1.06 1.38 1.1 0.85 -
Refractive index 2.25 1.85 2.15 2.2 2.6
Hygroscopy No No No No No
Maximum luminescence (nm) 490 440 480 430-520 610-640
Decay time (ns) 5,000 30/60 300 2/10/30 103 - 30x103
Light output (Photon/MeV) 15,000 9,500 8,000 200 80,000
Radiation stability (rad) 107 108 106 107 108
Afterglow after 5 (20) ms (%) 0.05 (≤0.01) - 0.005 - < 0.05
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Response

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Response of Alkali-halide scintillator

NaI(Tl) 20 mm dia. x 20 mm with Be window

NaI(Tl) 20 mm dia. x 20 mm with Be window

NaI(Tl) 40 mm dia. x 40 mm

NaI(Tl) 40 mm dia. x 40 mm

NaI(Tl) 150 mm dia. x 100 mm

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Organic Scintillators

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Materials

Due to their low Atomic Number, organic materials are well suited for the detection of charged particles as back-scattering effects are minimized. The high concentration of hydrogen atoms permits the detection of fast neutrons. Scintillators are non-hygroscopic and provide fast responses.

Organic Scintillators
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Physical Properties

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Physical Properties of Plastic Scintillators
Properties PS-923A PS-923D PS-91F PS-92S PS-98GC
Light output (% anthracene) 56 56 39-45 44 57
Rise time (ns) 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.9
Decay time (ns) 3.3 3.3 1.8 250-450 3.3
Bulk attenuation length (BAL) (cm)* 250-450 350-550 - 150-180 150-250
Technical attenuation length (TAL) (cm)** 150-250 200-300 - 150-180 150-250
Wavelength of max. emission (nm) 418 418 390 380 418
Principal users/ applications General purpose General purpose Fast counting Phoswich detectors Particle calormetry
Analogs BC-408, BC-416 BC-408, BC-416 BC-404 BC-444 BC-408, SCSN-81T


Properties (continued) PS-02E PS-96M PS-99TE PS-974 PS-99RH
Light output (% anthracene) 55 55 45 53 46
Rise time (ns) 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9
Decay time (ns) 3.5 3.5 3.3 - 3.5
Bulk attenuation length (BAL) (cm)* 30-60 30-60 70-100 250-400 110
Technical attenuation length (TAL) (cm)** 30-60 30-60 70-100 250-400 110
Wavelength of max. emission (nm) 418 418 425 480* 418
Principal users/ applications Particle calori-metry Particle calorimetry Dosimetry Green emitting scintillator Particle calorimetry
Analogs PolHiTech PSM-115 BC-470 BC-428 BC-408, SCSN-81T


*: typical e-1 attenuation length of 200 cm length sample with edges polished as measured with He - Cd laser at 441 nm wavelength.

**: typical e-1 attenuation length of 1x20x200 cm length sample with all polished side as measured with Sr-90.

See the page on Polystyrene for more details

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